Although the Industrial style spans a broad era – ranging from before the turn of the century through the 1940’s—the moniker typically refers more to function than to period. As utility is key, design efforts are focused more on efficiency than ornamentation. Articulating joints, powerful reflector shades, hard-working materials and no-nonsense finishes characterize Industrial-style lighting. From hand-painted illuminated-shade signage to porcelain enamel warehouse pendants, if the first function of the fixture is to assist, it’s probably an Industrial light. Historical Style: Industrial Originally, this lamp was probably affixed to a machine in a factory or workshop. The screw-mount/clamp mechanism makes it an easy addition to any space, complete with original pull chain and brown-painted finish. Condition Notes: Some wear and scratches in the original finish. All commensurate with age and use. Bulbs not included.